ʻO ke daimana "ke aliʻi o nā mea", ma muli o kāna mau waiwai kino maikaʻi, ua ʻimi mau ʻia a hoʻonui ʻia i nā kahua noi no nā makahiki.Ma ke ʻano he pani no ke daimana maoli, ua hoʻohana ʻia ke daimana hana ma nā kula mai ka mīkini mīkini a me nā drills a hiki i ka ultra-wide band gap semiconductors, mai ka laser a me nā mea kaua alakaʻi i nā apo daimana ʻālohilohi i nā lima wahine.Ua lilo ke daimana artificial i mea nui o ka ʻoihana a me ka ʻoihana mea hoʻonani.
A. ʻIke Kumu
ʻO ka daimana synthetic kahi ʻano kristal daimana i hoʻohui ʻia e ke ʻano ʻepekema ma o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ke kūlana aniani a me ka ulu ʻana o ka daimana maoli.ʻElua mau ala kūʻai no ka hana nui ʻana o nā daimana -- kiʻekiʻe ka wela a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (HTHP) a me ka chemical vapor deposition (CVD).E ka HPHT a i ʻole CVD ʻenehana, hiki ke hana ʻia ke daimana artificial i loko o kekahi mau pule wale nō, a ʻo ka haku melemele, refractive index, relative density, dispersion, hardness, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, light transmission, resistance and compressibility of natural diamond is right the like.ʻO nā daimana synthetic kiʻekiʻe ka mea i ʻike ʻia he mau daimana mahiʻai.
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike o nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau ʻelua penei:
| ʻAno | Papahana | HPHT kiʻekiʻe wela a me ke kaomi | ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻomoe ʻana i ka mahu kemika CVD |
| ʻenehana synthetic | Mea maka nui | ʻO ka pauka graphite, ka pauda hoʻoheheʻe metala | kinoea paʻa kalapona, hydrogen |
| Mea hana hana | 6-ili daimana kaomi | CVD Depositional lako | |
| Kaiapuni synthetic | ʻO ke kaiapuni kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe | ʻO ke kaiapuni kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe | |
| E hoʻoulu i nā ʻano nui o nā daimana | ʻano huahana | ʻĀpana, ʻano ʻāpana octahedron cubic, 14 | Pepa, cube hana, 1 kuhikuhi ulu |
| pōʻaiapili ulu | Pōkole | lōʻihi | |
| Koina | Haʻahaʻa | Kiʻekiʻe | |
| Degere o ka maemae | ʻino iki | Kiʻekiʻe | |
| Huahana kūpono | 1 ~ 5ct e ulu i nā daimana | E ulu i nā daimana ma luna o 5ct | |
| Hoʻohana ʻenehana | Degere noi | Ua oʻo ka ʻenehana, ākea ka noi home a loaʻa ka pōmaikaʻi i ka honua | ʻO ka ʻenehana ʻē aʻe ke ʻano oʻo, akā aia ka ʻenehana kūloko i ka pae noiʻi, a he liʻiliʻi nā hopena noi |
Ua hoʻomaka ka ʻoihana daimana hana o Kina, akā wikiwiki ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana.I kēia manawa, ʻo ka ʻenehana ʻenehana, carats a me ke kumukūʻai o nā mea hana daimana artificial ma Kina he mau hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū ma ka honua.He mau waiwai maikaʻi loa ka daimana artificial e like me ke daimana maoli, e like me ka paʻakikī paʻakikī, ka pale ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion.ʻO ia kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe inorganic non-metallic kiʻekiʻe o ka hana kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, semi-permanent a me ka pale kaiapuni.ʻO ia ka mea hoʻohana nui no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana hana no ka ʻeli, ʻokiʻoki, wili a me ka ʻeli ʻana i nā mea paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe.Hoʻopili nui ʻia nā noi Terminal i ka aerospace a me ka ʻoihana koa, nā mea kūkulu hale, nā pōhaku, ka ʻimi ʻana a me ka mining, ka hana ʻenehana, ka ikehu maʻemaʻe, nā mea uila uila, semiconductor a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.I kēia manawa, ʻo ka noi nui nui o ke daimana artificial kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi ka daimana mahiʻai, aia i ka ʻoihana mea hoʻonaninani.
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| puka makani ʻimi missile | ʻO ka wili daimana no ka ʻimi ʻaila |
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| ʻO ka pahi ʻike daimana | Mea hana daimana |
| Hoʻohana ʻenehana o ke daimana hana | |
ʻO nā kūlana hana o nā daimana maoli he mea koʻikoʻi loa, no laila he mea nui ka liʻiliʻi, kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai i nā makahiki āpau, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai o nā daimana i mahi ʻia ma mua o nā daimana maoli.Wahi a ka "Global Diamond Industry 2020-21" i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e Bain Consulting, ua hāʻule ke kumukūʻai kūʻai / kūʻai nui o nā daimana mahiʻai mai 2017. ʻo nā daimana maoli, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai kūʻai nui ma kahi o 20% o nā daimana maoli.Ua manaʻo ʻia me ka optimization lohi o nā kumukūʻai ʻenehana, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ke kumukūʻai mākeke o ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka mahi ʻana i nā daimana.
ʻO ke kumukūʻai daimana mahiʻai i helu ʻia no ka pakeneka daimana maoli
B. ʻO ke kaulahao ʻoihana
kaulahao oihana daimana hana
ʻO ka upstream o ke kaulahao daimana synthetic e pili ana i ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā mea maka e like me nā lako hana a me nā catalyst ʻenehana, a me ka hana ʻana o ka synthetic diamond rough drill.ʻO Kina ka mea hana nui o ke daimana HPHT, a ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka hana ʻana i nā daimana artificial CVD.Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi hui ʻoihana ma ka ʻāina ʻo Henan e nā mea hana o ka daimana artificial, me Zhengzhou Huacheng Diamond Co., LTD., Zhongnan Diamond Co., LTD., Henan Huanghe Cyclone Co., LTD., etc. Ua holomua kēia mau ʻoihana. a ua hoʻopuka i ka ʻāpana nui a me ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe o ke daimana (diamana i kanu ʻia).Hoʻokumu nā ʻoihana o luna i ka ʻenehana hana kumu o ke daimana koʻikoʻi, me ke kapikala ikaika, a paʻa ke kumukūʻai kūʻai nui o ka daimana synthetic rough, a ʻoi aku ka waiwai o ka waiwai.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao waena e pili ana i ke kālepa a me ka hana ʻana i ka blank diamond synthetic, ke kālepa ʻana o ke daimana synthetic i hoʻopau ʻia i ka drill, a me ka hoʻolālā a me ka Mosaic.ʻO nā daimana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma lalo o 1 carat ka hapa nui i ʻoki ʻia ma India, ʻoiai ʻo nā carats nui e like me 3, 5, 10 a i ʻole nā diamana kūikawā i ʻoki ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.Ke puka mai nei ʻo Kina ma ke ʻano he kikowaena ʻoki nui loa o ka honua, me ke kūkulu ʻana o Chow Tai Fook i kahi mea kanu ʻoki kanaka 5,000 ma Panyu.
ʻO ka downstream ka mea nui i ka hale kūʻai kūʻai o nā daimana artificial, kūʻai aku a me nā ʻoihana kākoʻo ʻē aʻe.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka diamond artificial grade Industrial i ka aerospace, ka hana ʻenehana a me ka hana ʻana, ka ʻimi ʻaila a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.ʻO ka hapa nui o nā daimana artificial kiʻekiʻe i kūʻai ʻia i ka ʻoihana mea hoʻonaninani e like me nā daimana i mahi ʻia.I kēia manawa, aia ʻo ʻAmelika i ka mākeke ʻoi loa o ka honua no ka mahi daimana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, me kahi kaulahao kūʻai piha.
C. Kūlana kūʻai
I nā makahiki mua, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai o nā daimana artificial e like me 20 ~ 30 yuan no ka carat, kahi i pāpā ʻia ai nā ʻoihana hana hou.Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana hana, ua emi mālie ke kumukūʻai o ke daimana artificial, a i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hāʻule ke kumukūʻai ma lalo o 1 yuan no ka carat.Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana aerospace a me ka ʻoihana koa, nā wafers silicon photovoltaic, semiconductors, ʻike uila a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe e kū mai ana, e hoʻonui mau ana ka noi ʻana o ke daimana artificial i ka ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe.
I ka manawa like, ma muli o ka hopena o nā kulekele kaiapuni, ua hōʻike ka nui o ka mākeke ʻoihana (ma ke ʻano o ka hana daimana artificial) i ke ʻano o ka emi mua ʻana a laila hoʻonui i nā makahiki ʻelima i hala, e piʻi ana i 14.65 biliona carats ma 2018 a ʻo ia. manaʻo ʻia e hiki i 15.42 biliona carats i 2023. ʻO nā loli kikoʻī penei:
ʻO ke ʻano hana nui ma Kina ʻo ke ʻano HTHP.ʻO ka mana i hoʻokomo ʻia o ka paʻi paʻi ʻeono ʻaoʻao e hoʻoholo pololei i ka mana hana o ke daimana artificial, me ka daimana i mahi ʻia.Ma o nā ʻike like ʻole o ka hui noiʻi papahana, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻāina ma mua o 8,000 o nā ʻano hou loa o ka paʻi kiʻekiʻe ʻeono ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai ʻo ka makemake o ka mākeke holoʻokoʻa ma kahi o 20,000 o ke ʻano hou loa o ka paʻi kiʻekiʻe ʻeono ʻaoʻao.I kēia manawa, ua hōʻea ka hoʻonohonoho makahiki a me ka hoʻokō ʻana o kekahi mau mea hana daimana nui i ka mana paʻa e pili ana i 500 mau ʻāpana hou, mamao loa mai ka hālāwai ʻana i ka noi mākeke, no laila i ka wā pōkole a me ka manawa waena, ʻo ka mahi ʻana o ka ʻoihana mea kūʻai aku i ka mākeke. mea nui.
Ke koi aupuni no ka mana daimana hana
D. Ke au ulu
①Ke ʻike nui ʻia nei ke ʻano o ka ʻoihana
Me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka huahana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka māla noiʻi o nā ʻoihana huahana daimana lalo, ua kau nā mea kūʻai aku i nā koi kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ka maikaʻi a me ka hana hope loa o ka daimana artificial, e koi ana i nā ʻoihana daimana artificial e loaʻa i ke kapikala ikaika a me ka noiʻi ʻenehana a me ka ikaika hoʻomohala, a me ka hiki i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka hana nui a me ka hoʻokele waiwai hoʻolako hui.Ma muli wale nō o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka noiʻi huahana ikaika a me ka ikaika hoʻomohala, ka mana hana a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi, hiki i nā ʻoihana nui ke kū i waho i ka hoʻokūkū ʻoihana ikaika, e hōʻiliʻili mau i nā pono hoʻokūkū, hoʻonui i ka pālākiō o ka hana, kūkulu i ka paepae ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe, a hoʻonui i ka noho aliʻi i kahi kūlana nui. ka hoʻokūkū, kahi e hōʻike ai ka ʻoihana i ke ʻano o ka noʻonoʻo.
②Ka hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻana i ka ʻenehana synthesis
Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka ikaika hana ʻoihana ʻāina, pono e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke kūpaʻa a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o nā mea hana.E hoʻonui hou ʻia ke kaʻina hana hoʻololi o nā mea hana daimana hana Kina mai ka haʻahaʻa a hiki i ka palena haʻahaʻa, a e hoʻonui ʻia ke kahua noi terminal o ka daimana artificial.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻokō ʻia nā hana noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano o ka nui synthetic cavity a me ka optimization o ka hāmare alloy hard, e hoʻoikaika nui nei i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana daimana synthetic.
③Ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā daimana e hoʻolōʻihi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mākeke
Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ke daimana synthetic i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana.ʻOi aku ma mua o 90% o ka daimana i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana honua he daimana synthetic.ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā daimana artificial i ka māla mea kūʻai (jewelry grade cultivated diamond) ke wikiwiki nei ka piʻi ʻana o ka mākeke.
ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka daimana honua jewelry grade aia nō i ka wā mua o ka ulu ʻana, he wahi nui ka mākeke lōʻihi.Wahi a Bain & Company's 2020 -- 2021 Global Diamond Industry Research Report, ua ʻoi aku ka mākeke mea kūʻai honua ma 2020 ma mua o 264 biliona kālā, ʻo ia hoʻi he 64 biliona kālā nā mea nani daimana, e helu ana ma kahi o 24.2%.Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻolālā ʻai, e like me ka Bain Consulting's Global Diamond Industry Research Report 2020 -- 2021, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Kina e pili ana ma kahi o 80% a me 10% o ka mākeke hoʻohana daimana honua.
Ma kahi o 2016, ua hoʻomaka nā daimana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi kala ʻole i hana ʻia e ka ʻenehana HTHP i ko mākou ʻāina e komo i ka pae hana nui, ʻo ka granularity a me ka maikaʻi o ka mahi daimana me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana synthesis a hoʻomau i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana, ākea ka mākeke o ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jul-08-2023